Tolstoy's exploration of social and economic issues in late 19th century Russia. He argues that the existing economic system is unjust and unsustainable, and proposes a vision of a decentralized, agrarian society based on principles of Christian morality and non-violent resistance to state power. Tolstoy's ideas on the importance of a simple and honest life, rejection of materialism, and service to others influenced many social and political movements, including anarchism, pacifism, and the Russian Revolution. While Tolstoy's proposed solutions are not necessarily practical or feasible, his critique of modern society and call for moral and spiritual renewal continue to resonate with readers today.
Translated by Aylmer Maude